The University of Southampton

How will Santa save the pandemic Christmas?

Will Santa use AI to deliver his presents this Christmas?

Just as for all of us, the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic have really taken their toll at the North Pole this year. One major hurdle remains: how will Santa deliver his presents this winter?

Because of his great age, Santa Claus spent much of the spring shielding, and rigorous COVID-secure safety regulations have greatly reduced the elves’ infamous productivity.

Nevertheless, the world’s children need festive cheer more than ever this year, and Santa’s little helpers have pulled out all the stops to prepare everything on time.

But how will Santa deliver his presents this winter?

Santa could use autonomous drones to deliver presents this year

What’s certain is he can’t rely on his age-old sleigh. How could so many reindeer be socially-distanced on the journey? Plus, Santa can’t enter Tier 2 or Tier 3 homes. Would presents be restricted to the Isle of Wight this season?

One solution mooted by AI experts at the University of Southampton is a swarm of autonomous drones. Uninhabited Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) can efficiently synchronise their deliveries and are much more obedient than restless reindeer.

If the reindeer are also having to self-isolate, then the drones will be most useful this year. Santa may need about a million drones to do this, with some bigger ones transporting the gifts from the North Pole, others bringing them to homes, and even smaller ones taking them down the chimney to living rooms.

Professor Gopal Ramchurn - Director of the UKRI Trustworthy Autonomous Systems (TAS) Hub

The elaborate operation could build upon findings from Southampton research to evaluate larger and more efficient fleets of AI-driven robot swarms.

“It would be an incredibly complex coordination task to have all these different types of drones,” Gopal says. “Santa will need to be able to check they are putting the right gifts in the right stockings and be able to intervene if the drones find it difficult to distinguish which is required.

“Then you have the issue of safety; we don't want the drones to crash into chimneys or hurt any animals. He'll need to ensure they have a collision avoidance system in place.”

Professor Gopal Ramchurn's work with the TAS hub has helped to build trustworthy drone systems

The mind-boggling scale of the operation requires immense organisation, however Santa Claus is used to the huge task of distributing billions of presents every year.

“There would be too many controllers for Santa and the elves to oversee, so they will probably need to use something like Siri or Alexa to direct and control them,” Gopal says. “Hopefully the work we are doing in the TAS hub has helped to build a trustworthy drone system that can save Christmas.”

Gopal recommends that a customary mince pie, carrot or sweet treat could still be left out for the drones to collect this December, but a complementary charging station might prove even more useful for the seasonal swarm.

Processing such vast amounts of data would require an immensely powerful supercomputer and, if rumours are true, Santa might also soon rely on this facility to work out which gifts to assign to all the world’s children.

Determining the naughty vs nice list has been shown to be computationally intractable. Based on the recent publication from Claus et al, we believe the GIFT metric is being used as a proxy to estimate which children should receive presents this year. However, concerns over the privacy implications of this new method have been raised, casting doubt on whether any gifts will be delivered at all.

Joseph Early - Southampton doctoral student with The Alan Turing Institute

We’ll just have to wait until Christmas morning to see if Santa’s succeeded…

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  • Will Santa use AI to deliver his presents this Christmas?

    Just as for all of us, the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic have really taken their toll at the North Pole this year. One major hurdle remains: how will Santa deliver his presents this winter?

    If the reindeer are also having to self-isolate, then the drones will be most useful this year. Santa may need about a million drones to do this, with some bigger ones transporting the gifts from the North Pole, others bringing them to homes, and even smaller ones taking them down the chimney to living rooms.

    Professor Gopal Ramchurn - Director of the UKRI Trustworthy Autonomous Systems (TAS) Hub

    Will Santa use AI to deliver his presents this Christmas?

    Just as for all of us, the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic have really taken their toll at the North Pole this year. One major hurdle remains: how will Santa deliver his presents this winter?

    Published: 15 December 2020
    Illustration
    Southampton is a Centre of Excellence in both cyber security research and education.

    First-rate cyber security teaching at the University of Southampton has been recognised with a prestigious Gold Award in a new government programme from the National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC).

    Southampton is one of the first universities in the UK to be named an Academic Centre of Excellence in Cyber Security Education (ACE-CSE).

    The Gold Award complements the University's existing status as a Centre of Excellence for Cyber Security Research, which it first obtained in 2012.

    Under the leadership of Professor Vladimiro Sassone, Southampton has consolidated its expertise by launching a Cyber Security Academy as well as a dedicated Research Group in the School of Electronics and Computer Science.

    The University's integrated undergraduate Master's degree in Computer Science with Cyber Security has been provisionally-certified by the NCSC - a part of GCHQ - and the full Master's degree in Cyber Security is now fully-certified.

    Professor Sassone, Director of Southampton's Cyber Security Research Centre and Royal Academy of Engineering Research Chair, says: "Southampton has delivered significant impact in cyber security research and education at regional, national and international levels for many years and this latest recognition by the NCSC only confirms our position as a world-leader in this very important field of study and activity.

    "Very few universities in the UK - and around the world - can boast excellence in both cyber security research and education but my colleagues at Southampton, together with our many partners in academia and industry, have proven that we certainly do stand out in addressing the many cyber security threats we experience daily."

    Read the full story on the main news page.

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    Published: 15 December 2020
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    Professor Hywel Morgan is partnering with Nuclera to create a robust gene printer.

    Bioelectronics expertise from the University of Southampton is supporting the development of a benchtop gene printer in a growing partnership with the UK-based Nuclera biotech company.

    Professor Hywel Morgan, Head of the Biomedical Electronics Research Group, is helping accelerate the pathway to commercialisation for the new instrument that can produce highly-customisable gene-length products in a day.

    The new two-year Knowledge Transfer Partnership (KTP) will embed an Associate in the programme to focus on building up key functionalities, such as the novel sensing functions on the platform.

    Having rapid access to highly accurate DNA, and its gene and protein sequences, will enable accelerated scientific discoveries and product development across a range of sectors, including medicine, agrobiotechnology and organism engineering.

    Dr Jiahao Huang, co-founder of Nuclera, says: "The desktop instrument we are developing is a major step forward for the local synthesis of genes. Being able to produce genes at the benchtop, with all of the control and time saving it offers, has huge market potential.

    "The additional expertise and even closer working relationship afforded by this KTP grant will significantly strengthen a key area of our product development."

    Professor Morgan’s expertise in bio-sensors and lab-on-a-chip technologies is supporting investigation of the specific engineering steps required to create the robust gene printer. A critical element is the incorporation of a borderless fluid movement platform to provide optimum process automation.

    Professor Morgan says: "It is a great opportunity to work with Nuclera to realise their dream of developing a benchtop instrument that can produce genes on demand. I am very excited by the award of the KTP, and look forward to working with Nuclera and the KTN to deliver this exciting project."

    Knowledge Transfer Partnerships aim to help businesses improve their competitiveness and productivity through better use of the knowledge, technology and skills held within the UK knowledge base. This KTP project received financial support from UKRI through Innovate UK.

    Jody Chatterjee, Knowledge Transfer Adviser, Knowledge Transfer Network, says: "This is an exciting project with an ambitious and innovative company. Nuclera is looking to transform the industry with its novel technology and the KTP is the perfect programme to help this happen. I am looking forward to working with the team as they deliver their game-changing desktop gene printer."

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    Email:
    B.Kang@soton.ac.uk

     

    Dr BooJoong Kang is a Lecturer (Assistant Prof. equivalent) in Computer Science in the School of Electronics and Computer Science (ECS) at the University of Southampton. Dr Kang obtained a Ph.D. in Electronics and Computer Engineering in 2013 from Hanyang University in Korea, with a thesis about machine learning based Windows malware detection. He was a Research Fellow at Queen's University Belfast, UK, from 2014 to 2021 before he joined the University of Southampton. His research is currently focused on cyber security and AI, including intrusion detection, malware analysis, Cloud & IoT security and CPS (Cyber-Physical Systems) security. He is author of more than 40 papers (h-index 15, 944 citations, source Google Scholar), published on international conferences, journals, and books.

    Dr Kang investigated the intrusion detection and response system to improve CPS security aginst realistic cyber attack scenarios. This research was carried out as part of the EU FP7 project Smart grid Protection Against cybeR attacKS (SPARKS, 2014-2017, €4.8M). He was also involved in two projects as part of RITICS, the UK’s national Research Institute in Trustworthy Inter-connected Cyber-physical Systems, Converged APproach towards Resilient Industrial control systems and Cyber Assurance (CAPRICA, 2015-2017, £394K) and Cloud-enabled Operation, Security Monitoring, and forensICs (COSMIC, 2018-2021, £249K).

    His Google scholar is at Google Scholar

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